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Oatman Gift Shack - It was 2004, the day after Christmas, and thousands of tourists from Europe and America flocked to the beaches of Thailand, Sri Lanka and Indonesia to escape the cold winter in a tropical paradise. At 7:59 a.m., a 9.1-magnitude earthquake—one of the largest on record—struck the Indian Ocean, sending a large body of water onto uncharted shores.
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imagined. The Boxing Day tsunami was perhaps the deadliest in history, killing an astonishing 230,000 in a matter of hours. The city of Banda Aceh in northern Sumatra was near the center of the earthquake and the first waves arrived in just 20 minutes. It is almost unimaginable that a 100-foot mountain engulfed a coastal town of 320,000, instantly killing more than 100,000 men, women and children.
Houses were folded like houses of cards, trees and cars were covered in black oil and no one who was affected by the flood survived. Thailand was next. With waves traveling at 500 mph over the Indian Ocean, the tsunami hit the coast of Phang Nga and Phuket an hour and a half later.
Despite the passage of time, local people and visitors were completely unaware of the imminent destruction. The searchers even wandered ashore from the sickening waves, only to be chased by a barrage of water. The number of people who have died in Thailand is about 5,400 including 2,000 foreign tourists.
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An hour later, on the other side of the Indian Ocean, waves hit southeastern India near the city of Chennai, pushing mud-filled kilometers ashore and killing people. more than 10,000 people, mostly women and children, like many foreigners. people were fishing. But some of the worst disasters were in store for the island of Sri Lanka, where more than 30,000 people were swept away by the waves and hundreds of thousands were left homeless.
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A testament to the power of the record-breaking tsunami, the last victims of the Day of Fighting were killed eight hours later, when strong waves surprised swimmers in Africa. in the South, 5,000 miles from the earthquake. Vasily Titov is a tsunami researcher and forecaster at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Center for Tsunami Research.
He attributed the unstoppable damage of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami to the strength of the earthquake. These earthquakes are caused by what is known as a megathrust fault, where the oceanic plates move beneath the lighter plates. "These are the biggest crimes in the world and they are all under water," said Titov.
The 2004 earthquake ruptured 900 km on the Indian and Australian plates 31 miles below sea level. Instead, the earthquake went on for ten minutes without stopping, releasing the energy of thousands of atomic bombs. America The Story of Us is a 12-hour television series that tells the amazing story of how America was made.
Banda Aceh 10 Years Later
In this process, large sections of the floor were strengthened up to 30 or 40 meters (up to 130 feet). The result is like throwing the world's largest stone into the Indian Ocean with craters as big as mountains spreading out in all directions. Titov emphasizes that tsunamis are not like the big surf waves that many of us think of.
Put it in, but from an observer's point of view, you don't see it as a wave," Titov said. "It's like a sea that turns into a white river and floods everything it passes through." If you get caught in the water, if the current doesn't pull you down, the waste will do the job.
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In an earthquake, a certain number of people die and many others are injured. It was completely destroyed by the tsunami," said Titov. "There will be no injuries, because it is a difficult risk to live with." The earthquake and tsunami that struck in 2004 were rare enough to not have been known as devastating tsunamis in the ancient cultures of India and Sri Lanka, said Jose Borrero, a tsunami researcher at the University of California.
in the South and the editor of the Coast, a marine expert living in New Zealand. "[The Indian Ocean tsunami] came ashore in these areas without natural warnings, because they were so far away that they didn't feel any earthquakes," Borrero said. "So with no normal warning, no formal warning and no record of a tsunami, hitting a beach full of people, that's the perfect combination to cause a lot of death and destruction."
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Both Borrero and Titov participated in the US Geological Survey expeditions in early 2005 to measure the magnitude of the tsunami that hit Sumatra. It was during these trips that scientists confirmed that the wave height exceeded 131 feet in the northwestern part of the island.
Borrero remembers coming up on a big wagon carrying bags of cement that rolled around in the back with his bat in the air. "This is the worst tsunami since 1960," Borrero said, referring to the 8.6-magnitude Chilean earthquake and tsunami that hit the Pacific, including the equivalent of Hilo, Hawaii.
15 hours after the earthquake. Titov will never forget the sight of the widespread devastation he saw in Sumatra even months after the tsunami. "We went by boat from the center of the island to Banda Aceh, the area that was hit the hardest, and for hundreds of kilometers it was like someone took a fire extinguisher and extinguished everything in
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below the 20 meter line," he said. . Titov. "The scale of the destruction was incredible." Dave Roos is a freelance writer based in the United States and Mexico. A longtime contributor to HowStuffWorks, Dave has also been published in The New York Times, Los Angeles Times and Newsweek.
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We fight for truth and justice. But if you see something that isn't right, click here to contact us! HISTORY reviews and updates its content from time to time to ensure it is complete and accurate. It is hard to believe that it has been more than ten years since the Boxing Day Tsunami in 2004. It is even harder to understand that the same disaster killed 230,000 people in 14 different countries in Asia.
in the South East. Of these countries, Indonesia suffered the most. With more than 130,000 people confirmed dead and half a million people displaced, there is no doubt that this horrific event was the single worst tsunami in recent human history. These first and final photos not only show the terrible damage of the natural disaster, but also show the determination and dedication of the people who rebuilt their city and overcame the odds.
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